Check whether the following are quadratic equations

(i) (x + 1)2 = 2(x – 3)
(ii) x2 – 2x = (–2) (3 – x)
(iii) (x – 2)(x + 1) = (x – 1)(x + 3)
(iv) (x – 3)(2x +1) = x(x + 5)
(v) (2x – 1)(x – 3) = (x + 5)(x – 1)
(vi) x2 + 3x + 1 = (x – 2)2
(vii) (x + 2)3 = 2x (x2 – 1)
(viii) x3 – 4x2 – x + 1 = (x – 2)3

Solution:

(i) (x + 1)2 = 2(x – 3)

By using the formula for (a+b)2 = a2+2ab+b2

⇒ x2 + 2x + 1 = 2x – 6

⇒ x2 + 7 = 0

The above equation is in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is a quadratic equation.

(ii) x2 – 2x = (–2) (3 – x)

⇒ x2 – 2x = -6 + 2x

⇒ x2 – 4x + 6 = 0

The above equation is in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is a quadratic equation.

(iii) (x – 2)(x + 1) = (x – 1)(x + 3)

By multiplication,

⇒ x2 – x – 2 = x2 + 2x – 3

⇒ 3x – 1 = 0

The above equation is not in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is not a quadratic equation.

(iv) (x – 3)(2x +1) = x(x + 5)

By multiplication,

⇒ 2x2 – 5x – 3 = x2 + 5x

⇒ x2 – 10x – 3 = 0

The above equation is in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is a quadratic equation.

(v) (2x – 1)(x – 3) = (x + 5)(x – 1)

By multiplication,

⇒ 2x2 – 7x + 3 = x2 + 4x – 5

⇒ x2 – 11x + 8 = 0

The above equation is in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0.

Therefore, the given equation is a quadratic equation.

(vi) x2 + 3x + 1 = (x – 2)2

By using the formula for (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2

⇒ x2 + 3x + 1 = x2 + 4 – 4x

⇒ 7x – 3 = 0

The above equation is not in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is not a quadratic equation.

(vii) (x + 2)3 = 2x(x2 – 1)

By using the formula for (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)

⇒ x3 + 8 + x2 + 12x = 2x3 – 2x

⇒ x3 + 14x – 6x2 – 8 = 0

The above equation is not in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is not a quadratic equation.

(viii) x3 – 4x2 – x + 1 = (x – 2)3

By using the formula for (a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab(a – b)

⇒ x3 – 4x2 – x + 1 = x3 – 8 – 6x2 + 12x

⇒ 2x2 – 13x + 9 = 0

The above equation is in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Therefore, the given equation is a quadratic equation.