On comparing the ratios a1/a2, b1/b2 and c1/c2, find out whether the following pair of linear equations are consistent, or inconsistent.

(i) 3x + 2y = 5; 2x – 3y = 7
(ii) 2x – 3y = 8; 4x – 6y = 9
(iii) 3/2x + 5/3y = 7; 9x – 10y = 14
(iv) 5x – 3y = 11; -10x + 6y = -22
(v) 4/3x + 2y = 8; 2x + 3y = 12

Solution:

(i) 3x + 2y = 5 or 3x + 2y -5 = 0

and 2x – 3y = 7 or 2x – 3y -7 = 0

Comparing these equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 we get,

a1 = 3, b1 = 2, c1 = -5

a2 = 2, b2 = -3, c2 = -7

(a1/a2) = 3/2

(b1/b2) = 2/-3

(c1/c2) = -5/-7 = 5/7

Since, (a1/a2) ≠ (b1/b2)

So, the given equations intersect each other at one point and they have only one possible solution. The equations are consistent.

(ii) Given 2x – 3y = 8 and 4x – 6y = 9

Comparing these equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 we get,

a1 = 2, b1 = -3, c1 = -8

a2 = 4, b2 = -6, c2 = -9

(a1/a2) = 2/4 = 1/2

(b1/b2) = -3/-6 = 1/2

(c1/c2) = -8/-9 = 8/9

Since , (a1/a2) = (b1/b2) ≠ (c1/c2)

So, the equations are parallel to each other and they have no possible solution. Hence, the equations are inconsistent.

(iii) Given (3/2)x + (5/3)y = 7 and 9x – 10y = 14

Comparing these equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 we get,

a1 = 3/2, b1 = 5/3, c1 = -7

a2 = 9, b2 = -10, c2 = -14

(a1/a2) = 3/(2×9) = 1/6

(b1/b2) = 5/(3× -10)= -1/6

(c1/c2) = -7/-14 = 1/2

Since, (a1/a2) ≠ (b1/b2)

So, the equations are intersecting each other at one point and they have only one possible solution. Hence, the equations are consistent.

(iv) Given, 5x – 3y = 11 and – 10x + 6y = –22

Comparing these equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 we get,

a1 = 5, b1 = -3, c1 = -11

a2 = -10, b2 = 6, c2 = 22

(a1/a2) = 5/(-10) = -5/10 = -1/2

(b1/b2) = -3/6 = -1/2

(c1/c2) = -11/22 = -1/2

Since (a1/a2) = (b1/b2) = (c1/c2)

These linear equations are coincident lines and have an infinite number of possible solutions. Hence, the equations are consistent.

(v)  (4/3)x +2y = 8 and 2x + 3y = 12

Comparing these equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 we get,

a1 = 4/3 , b1= 2 , c1 = -8

a2 = 2, b2 = 3, c2 = -12

(a1/a2) = 4/(3×2)= 4/6 = 2/3

(b1/b2) = 2/3

(c1/c2) = -8/-12 = 2/3

Since (a1/a2) = (b1/b2) = (c1/c2)

These linear equations are coincident lines and have an infinite number of possible solutions. Hence, the equations are consistent.